Soc 2 type 2 report

Soc 2 type 2 report

Soc 2 type 2 report. Point of Time vs. Period of Time: The SOC 2 Type 1 report assesses the design of controls at a specific point in time, whereas the SOC 2 Type 2 report evaluates the effectiveness of these controls over typically six to twelve months.; Design of Controls vs. Operational Effectiveness: Type 1 focuses on the design of …Xero’s SOC 2 report is only available to existing and prospective (a) accounting and bookkeeping partners and their auditors, (b) small business customers and their auditors, and (c) business partners; and only for the limited purposes of meeting compliance obligations and for evaluating controls relating to Security, Availability …There are two types of SOC 1 reporting options: • SOC 1 Type 1: A design of controls report. This option evaluates and reports on the design of controls put into operation as of a point in time. • SOC 1 Type 2: Includes the design and testing of controls to report on the operationalA SOC 2 report is “designed for the growing number of technology and cloud computing entities that are becoming very common in the world of service organizations,” according to ssae16.org. If a SOC 1 report handles the financial transactions a company makes, SOC 2 reports on the security behind those … The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with new reports issued to ... A SOC 2 Type I audit reports on the policies and procedures a company has in place at a particular point in time. It is a test of the design of processes and controls and validates that they are in place at that time. A SOC 2 Type II audit tests the effectiveness of the controls over a period of time. This cannot be less than 6 months and is ...See full list on learn.microsoft.com information in a variety of formats. The format of the illustrative type 2 SOC 2 report presented in this document is meant to be illustrative rather than prescriptive. The illustrative report contains all of the components of a type 2 SOC 2 report; however, for brevity, it does not include everything that might be described in a type 2 SOC …Zoom's latest SOC 2 Type 2 report, which covers the period of November 1, 2022 to October 31, 2023, provides independent attestation on the suitability of ...As a follow-up to a blog post previously published by The Mako Group’s Chief Audit Executive, Shane O’Donnell, let’s dig a little deeper into what you should be reviewing when you receive your vendors’ SOC 1, SOC 2 or SOC 3 reports.. Each SOC (Service Organization Controls) report follows a basic …The Azure SOC 2 Type 2 audit is based on the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Trust Services Principles and Criteria, including security, availability, confidentiality, and processing integrity, and the criteria in CCM v4. STAR Attestation provides an auditor's findings on the design suitability and …By obtaining a SOC 2 Type 2 report, organizations can build trust, gain a competitive advantage, mitigate risks, and ensure compliance with data protection regulations. In today’s digital age, where data is an asset, SOC 2 Type 2 controls play a pivotal role in securing sensitive information and maintaining customer …A SOC 2 bridge letter is a document that fills the gap between the report date of your last SOC 2 audit and the customer’s fiscal year-end. Say your organization’s most recent SOC audit has an end date of October 31, 2022, but your customer’s fiscal year-end is December 31, 2022. You can issue a bridge letter …When is the SOC 2 Report Published? SOC 2 Type 2 audits are a review of control performance over a period of time. This means evidence for all controls throughout the period (which covers October 1st through September 30th) need to be evaluated, tested, and evidence (including samples for the entirety of …Apr 11, 2023 · There are two types of SOC 2 reports: Type I ; Type 2; The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the effectiveness of those processes and procedures over time, usually a six- to twelve-month period. Benefits of SOC 2 Type 2 Certification ... ... Reporting", defines two levels of reporting, type 1 and type 2. Additional AICPA guidance materials specify three types of reporting: SOC 1, SOC 2, and SOC 3.A SOC 2 Type 2 audit looks at controls over a period of time, usually between 3 and 12 months. In addition, SOC 2 Type 2 audits attest to the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of controls.SOC stands for System and Organization Controls (SOC) reporting, for which there are three (3) types of reports: SSAE 16 (now SSAE 18) SOC 1, AT 101 SOC 2 and AT 101 SOC 3. SSAE 18 and SOC …As a consumer, monitoring your credit is an important part of managing your finances. Having strong credit has a major impact on your borrowing ability, your professional reputatio...‍. A SOC 2 Type II report attests to a company’s security rules (“controls”) over a period of time (typically 3-12 months). A Type II report demonstrates that a company has …Maintaining your trust is an ongoing commitment of ours, and your voice drives our growing portfolio of compliance reports, attestations, and certifications.There are two types of SOC reports: Type I describes a vendor’s systems and whether their design is suitable to meet relevant trust principles. Type II details the operational effectiveness of those systems. …The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with …pdf resumesend encrypted email At the conclusion of a SOC 2 audit, the auditor renders an opinion in a SOC 2 Type 2 report, which describes the cloud service provider’s (CSP’s) system and assesses the fairness of the CSP’s description of its controls. It also evaluates whether the CSP’s controls are designed appropriately, were in operation on a …When it comes to purchasing a used car, one of the most important things you need to know is its history. A vehicle’s history can tell you a lot about its condition, maintenance re...Understanding SOC report types . SOC 1 and 2 reports vary by two distinct types referred to as “Type 1” or “Type 2.” A type 1 attestation is a point in time or “snapshot” of controls designed and implemented as of a specific date. A type 1 assesses whether or not those controls are appropriate for the risks facing the …A SOC 2 Type 1 report describes a business' systems and if the plan complies with the relevant SOC 2 trust services principles. The audit and report happen on a specified date. A SOC 2 Type 2 (Type ii) compliance report details the operational efficiency of systems. The audit and report occur over a specific …SOC 2 Reports for Twilio, SendGrid, or Segment; Pen Test Summaries for Twilio, SendGrid, or Segment; SIG Lite for Twilio or SendGrid; For these and other similar document requests, please file a support ticket by clicking the button below. Please note that we typically take 7-10 business days to process most documentation …An Expert's Guide to Reviewing SOC 2 Reports. Learn the important details to look for when reading your customers or vendors SOC 2 report. December 15, 2021. …information in a variety of formats. The format of the illustrative type 2 SOC 2 report presented in this document is meant to be illustrative rather than prescriptive. The illustrative report contains all of the components of a type 2 SOC 2 report; however, for brevity, it does not include everything that might be described in a type 2 SOC …A SOC 2 report comes in two types – SOC 2 Type 1 and SOC 2 Type 2. A SOC 2 Type 1 report attests that your internal controls have been effectively designed to meet SOC 2 compliance requirements at a particular point in time; it’s like a snapshot. The SOC 2 Type 1 audit reviews the design of an organization’s internal controls at a point ...A Type 2 SOC report covers a period of time, typically twelve months (e.g., October 1, 2019 – September 30, 2020). This type of audit report covers the design of the internal controls as well as the operating effectiveness of the internal controls over time that help to meet the control objectives or trust services criteria over the ... vpn panama28 days later watch The SOC 2 reports fulfill various information and assurance needs of customers and aim to place trust in SAP’s service organization systems, processes, and controls. ... SAP Business Technology Platform has regularly prepared SOC 2 Type 2 audit reports by an independent 3rd party accountant. This version of the report …The main difference between SOC 1 and SOC 2 is that SOC 1 reports focus on financial data control, while SOC 2 reports have a more extensive scope that covers availability, security, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy. SOC 1 and SOC 2 are both types of Service Organization Control reports that …As a consumer, monitoring your credit is an important part of managing your finances. Having strong credit has a major impact on your borrowing ability, your professional reputatio...There is no short answer, but the key difference is that a SOC 2 report is a restricted use report while a SOC 3 report is a general use report. But SOC 2 and SOC 3 reports are both attestation examinations that are conducted in accordance with the SSAE 18 standard, specifically sections AT-C 105 and 205, … drive syncview sqlite databaseliberty first lincoln neget money instantly Two types of SOC 2 reports are Type I and Type II. SOC 2 Type I; This report evaluates the design of the service organization’s internal controls at a point in time. It assures that those controls are suitably designed to achieve TSC. SOC 2, Type II; This report evaluates the design and operating effectiveness of …We’ve been determined to lead our clients down the path of SOC 2 Type 1 prior to SOC 2 Type 2. Whether it's a SOC 1, SOC 2, or ASAE 3150 report, there are Type 1 and Type 2 reports that can be issued. The Type 1 is a snapshot in time to prove compliance, while the Type 2 covers a period of continuous compliance. us betrivers The first is the duration of time in which the controls are evaluated. A SOC 2 Type 1 audit looks at controls at a single point in time. A SOC 2 Type 2 audit looks at controls over a period of time, usually between 3 and 12 months. In addition, SOC 2 Type 2 audits attest to the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of controls. Spastic paraplegia type 11 is part of a group of genetic disorders known as hereditary spastic paraplegias. Explore symptoms, inheritance, genetics of this condition. Spastic parap... xcom enemy within A SOC 2 report is an attestation made by an independent CPA that verifies your organization meets the rigorous security standards laid out in the SOC 2 framework. This framework is built on five Trust Services Criteria (formerly called the Trust Services Principles): Security: Protecting information from vulnerabilities …There are two types of SOC 1 reporting options: • SOC 1 Type 1: A design of controls report. This option evaluates and reports on the design of controls put into operation as of a point in time. • SOC 1 Type 2: Includes the design and testing of controls to report on the operationalIn S.E. Hinton’s book “The Outsiders,” “Socs” is the name for the rich, cool kids, and “Greasers” is what the kids from the wrong part of town are called. The book is set in the 19... A SOC 1 Type 2 report is an internal controls report specifically intended to meet the needs of the OneLogin customers’ management and their auditors, as they evaluate the effect of the OneLogin controls on their own internal controls for financial reporting. The OneLogin SOC 1 report examination was performed in accordance with the Statement ... phishing reportpool expert Document provides American Institute of Certified Public Accountants-approved guidelines for SOC 2 reporting. SEATTLE – August 9, 2022 – The Cloud Security Alliance (CSA), the world’s leading organization dedicated to defining standards, certifications and best practices to help ensure a secure cloud computing environment, …The SOC 2 reports fulfill various information and assurance needs of customers and aim to place trust in SAP’s service organization systems, processes, and controls. ... SAP Business Technology Platform has regularly prepared SOC 2 Type 2 audit reports by an independent 3rd party accountant. This version of the report …A SOC 2 report can play an important role in oversight of the organization, vendor management programs, internal corporate governance and risk management processes and regulatory oversight. SOC 2 builds upon the required common criteria (security) to address one or more of the AICPA trust services principles, including: availability ... can you fax through email Hello Quartz members— Hello Quartz members— This week, we dive into the future of work. After years reporting on topics that are often categorized under “the future of work,” I can...A SOC 2 Type 2 report is essential for both security and profitability. First, the type 2 assessment offers compelling evidence that an organization is implementing proper security controls and whether it protects sensitive customer data. This is because eyes and ears across the cloud are necessary to assess how secure your information will …Dec 7, 2023 · Comparing SOC Type 1 and Type 2 Reports. The differences between the Type 1 and Type 2reports are noted below: A Type 1 report describes the procedures and controls that have been installed, while a Type 2 report provides evidence about how those controls have been operated over a period of time. A Type 1 report attests to the suitability of ... slots for cashflorida lottery online A SOC 2 Type I audit reports on the policies and procedures a company has in place at a particular point in time. It is a test of the design of processes and controls and validates that they are in place at that time. A SOC 2 Type II audit tests the effectiveness of the controls over a period of time. This cannot be less than 6 months and is ... The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with new reports issued to ... A Type 2 SOC report covers a period of time, typically twelve months (e.g., October 1, 2019 – September 30, 2020). This type of audit report covers the design of the internal controls as well as the operating effectiveness of the internal controls over time that help to meet the control objectives or trust services criteria over the ...Whereas SOC 1 is distinct and restricted in terms of whom it applies to, SOC 2 and SOC 3 apply to a wide range of service organizations. The most significant difference in their reporting is that SOC 2 is intended for specialized readers, whereas SOC 3 is for an open, public audience. Type 1 and Type 2 …SOC 2 CrowdStrike is compliant with Service Organization Control 2 standards and provides Falcon platform customers with a SOC 2® report. The Type 2 report addresses the suitability of design and the operating effectiveness of the controls. This attestation addresses service organization’s controls relevant to security, …Two types of SOC 2 reports are Type I and Type II. SOC 2 Type I; This report evaluates the design of the service organization’s internal controls at a point in time. It assures that those controls are suitably designed to achieve TSC. SOC 2, Type II; This report evaluates the design and operating effectiveness of …The SOC 2 report, or attestation, is the pot of gold at the end of the SOC 2 audit journey. These reports — issued by independent CPAs — affirm that a company’s data management practices meet criteria. When complete, the SOC 2 report demonstrates how well a service organization has implemented SOC 2 security …This illustrative example of a SOC 2 Type 2 report includes management’s assertion, the description of the system, the service auditor’s report and tests of controls and results thereof. The disclosures in the illustrative description of the system align with the requirements of DC 200. However, DC 200 is not specific about the format for a ...A SOC 2 Type 1 Report offers a snapshot of your security practices at a given moment, affirming the design of your defenses. These reports are straightforward, with a short turnaround. A SOC Type 2 Report provides a longer-term look at how your security systems work over a given period. These reports … The services listed below have a SOC 2 Type 2 report available, representing a period of time during which controls were assessed. As such reports represent an assessment period in the past, a bridge letter may accompany a SOC 2 Type 2 report, in which IBM attests to service control continued performance since the last reporting period ended. u p state credit union The Dali container ship crashed into the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore on Tuesday. Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images. The ship that crashed into the Francis Scott …SOC 2 Type 2 compliance gives a level higher of assurance compared to SOC 2 Type 1. To be able to comply with this requirement, a company should pass a thorough examination of its internal control policies and practices over a particular period of time by an auditor. With SOC 2 Type 2 report, a service firm can send a …Oct 27, 2022 · The first is the duration of time in which the controls are evaluated. A SOC 2 Type 1 audit looks at controls at a single point in time. A SOC 2 Type 2 audit looks at controls over a period of time, usually between 3 and 12 months. In addition, SOC 2 Type 2 audits attest to the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of controls. Additional SOC 2 Audit Costs. All told, the average quote for a SOC 2 audit runs between $5,000 and $60,000. But at the end of the day, you’re paying for a lot more than just the auditor. For example, one firm certified by the AICPA to perform SOC 2 audits charges $20,000 for a SOC 2 Type I audit and $30,000 for a SOC 2 Type II.The SOC 2 reports fulfill various information and assurance needs of customers and aim to place trust in SAP’s service organization systems, processes, and controls. ... SAP SuccessFactors has prepared SOC 2 Type 2 audit report by an independent 3rd party accountant. This version of the report covers as of the audit period 1. October 2022 to ... www comm Generally, the SOC 2 Type 2 certification process can take between 6-12 months to complete and is typically between $20,000 to $80,000 or more. Description. The SOC 2 Type 2 report evaluates the effectiveness of the controls and processes over a period of time (usually 6 to 12 months). Zoom’s SOC 2 Type 2 report covering the period of October 16, 2022 to October 15, 2023 provides an independent attestation on the suitability of design and operating … app my site Does Campaign Finance Reform Restrict Free Speech? Learn why some opponents say campaign finance reform can restrict free speech and what supporters say. Advertisement Where power ...The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with …The biggest difference between SOC 2 and SOC 3 reports is that SOC 3 is a general purpose report, while SOC 2 is much more restricted, intended only for authorized parties. Much like SOC 2, technology companies are a great fit for the SOC 3 reporting option. 1. Choose the Right Firm: Sounds like an easy thing to do, but be sure you’ve chosen ...A: We’re often asked “how often are SOC 2 reports required” and the best way to answer this is by giving you a little background on SOC 2 reporting. Generally speaking, service organizations will undergo an annual SOC 2 audit report, usually beginning with a SOC 2 Type 1 in the initial year, then followed up …Additional SOC 2 Audit Costs. All told, the average quote for a SOC 2 audit runs between $5,000 and $60,000. But at the end of the day, you’re paying for a lot more than just the auditor. For example, one firm certified by the AICPA to perform SOC 2 audits charges $20,000 for a SOC 2 Type I audit and $30,000 for a SOC 2 Type II. best bill pay apphands on machine learning with scikit learn keras and tensorflow What you need to know about SOC 2 Type 2 reports and DeepL: A SOC 2 Type II report evaluates a company’s information systems regarding security, availability, …Summary. A major bridge in the US city of Baltimore has collapsed into the Patapsco River after a container ship crashed into it. A huge search operation is under …Maintaining your trust is an ongoing commitment of ours, and your voice drives our growing portfolio of compliance reports, attestations, and certifications.SOC 2 CrowdStrike is compliant with Service Organization Control 2 standards and provides Falcon platform customers with a SOC 2® report. The Type 2 report addresses the suitability of design and the operating effectiveness of the controls. This attestation addresses service organization’s controls relevant to security, …Oct 11, 2022 ... SOC 2 Type 1 report assesses the design of security processes at a specific point in time, while Type 2 report observes operations for six ...The SOC 2 report, or attestation, is the pot of gold at the end of the SOC 2 audit journey. These reports — issued by independent CPAs — affirm that a company’s data management practices meet criteria. When complete, the SOC 2 report demonstrates how well a service organization has implemented SOC 2 security …What you need to know about SOC 2 Type 2 reports and DeepL: A SOC 2 Type II report evaluates a company’s information systems regarding security, availability, …SOC stands for System and Organization Controls (SOC) reporting, for which there are three (3) types of reports: SSAE 16 (now SSAE 18) SOC 1, AT 101 SOC 2 and AT 101 SOC 3. SSAE 18 and SOC …Review evidence with auditors and wait for the final report (1-2 months) In the best-case scenario, we were looking at 9 months before we would have the final report, …The SOC 1 attestation has replaced SAS 70, and it's appropriate for reporting on controls at a service organization relevant to user entities internal controls over financial reporting. A Type 2 report includes auditor's opinion on the control effectiveness to achieve the related control objectives during the specified …Your SOC 2+ HIPAA Report. If you choose to bundle SOC 2 and HIPAA, your SOC 2 report will look a bit different than it has in the past. Key differences include: The system/service description and test results portions of your report will now show how the controls meet both SOC 2 and HIPAA. This makes those sections much larger than …The service organization control report provided by the SaaS provider will be audited by a professional accountant (CPA) in accordance with the SOC 2 standard. The service auditor states in the assurance report that the security measures exist (Type I) and operate effectively (Type II only).Citizen journalism refers to average citizens or amateurs gathering and spreading the news. What separates citizen journalists from professionals? Advertisement Citizen journalism ... jackpot party slots on facebook As a consumer, monitoring your credit is an important part of managing your finances. Having strong credit has a major impact on your borrowing ability, your professional reputatio... Many potential customers are rejecting Type 1 SOC reports, and it's likely you'll need a Type 2 report at some point. By going straight for a Type 2, you can save time and money by doing a single audit. If you need a SOC 2 report ASAP, a Type 2 audit report that covers a shorter 3-month review period can be an ideal solution. Dec 7, 2023 · Comparing SOC Type 1 and Type 2 Reports. The differences between the Type 1 and Type 2reports are noted below: A Type 1 report describes the procedures and controls that have been installed, while a Type 2 report provides evidence about how those controls have been operated over a period of time. A Type 1 report attests to the suitability of ... medical solutions travel portal This report can be freely shared. SOC 2 Type 2: The SOC 2 Type 2 report contains Shopify's security and availability safeguards along with an external audit opinion of these safeguards. SOC 2 bridge letter: This letter is made available by Shopify to bridge the gap between the reporting period of the end date of the SOC 2 report to when the ...If diversity is the name of the game, then Ireland is the clear champion. For an island you can traverse the length of in hours, it has an amazing number of things to see and do th... necessary to produce the Type 1 version of the report. Most clients begin their SOC 2 process by issuing a Type 1 report with Type 2 reports for the future periods starting with the as-of date of the Type 1. Type 2 reporting When issuing a Type 2 report, we perform tests of the controls covering a period of time (at least 6 months), general ... giant super marketsrc ucr NEWTON, Mass. and PETACH TIKVA, Israel – February 11, 2020 – CyberArk (NASDAQ: CYBR), the global leader in privileged access management, today announced completion of its Service Organization Control (SOC 2) examination, earning SOC 2 Type 2 compliance. Delivering the industry’s most … A SOC 1 Type 2 report is an internal controls report specifically intended to meet the needs of the OneLogin customers’ management and their auditors, as they evaluate the effect of the OneLogin controls on their own internal controls for financial reporting. The OneLogin SOC 1 report examination was performed in accordance with the Statement ... Does Campaign Finance Reform Restrict Free Speech? Learn why some opponents say campaign finance reform can restrict free speech and what supporters say. Advertisement Where power ... best app for scanning receipts When it comes to buying a used car, it’s important to have as much information as possible about its history. This is where vehicle history reports come in handy. They provide valu...1 What Is A Type 2 SOC 2 Report? 2 The Significance of SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance; 3 How Many Controls Are In SOC 2 Type 2? 4 Who Conducts A SOC 2 Type 2 Audit; 5 How To Prepare For SOC 2 Type 2 Audit? 5.1 Identify the Scope of the Audit; 5.2 Establish Your Internal Team; 5.3 Choose a Reputable Auditor; 5.4 Conduct a Gap Analysis; 5.5 …Written by Amy Williams and Angie Akerman on May 5, 2021. System and Organization Control reports—otherwise known as SOC reports —are designed to help …A SOC 2 report is an attestation by a certified public accountant (CPA) stating that your organization meets the official SOC 2 standards issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The report—typically requested by a prospective or existing customer—helps them confirm that your company’s …By obtaining a SOC 2 Type 2 report, organizations can build trust, gain a competitive advantage, mitigate risks, and ensure compliance with data protection regulations. In today’s digital age, where data is an asset, SOC 2 Type 2 controls play a pivotal role in securing sensitive information and maintaining customer …There are six distinct types of SOC reports: SOC 1, SOC 2, SOC 2 Plus, SOC 3, SOC for Cybersecurity, and SOC for Supply Chain. Each report varies but provides valuable information that is required to assess the risks and internal controls associated with an outsourced service provider. An independent, third-party …By Matthew Goldstein. March 22, 2024. Former President Donald J. Trump’s social media company — and the parent of his favorite communications platform, Truth …The SSAE 18 Audit Standard (Updates and Replaces SSAE-16) SSAE 18 is a series of enhancements aimed to increase the usefulness and quality of SOC reports, now, superseding SSAE 16, and, obviously the relic of audit reports, SAS 70. Read More ».Jan 16, 2024 · SOC 2 reports target technical audiences, whereas SOC 3 reports use the same framework but target general audiences. SOC 1 uses a different framework and is applicable only in financial services. The same framework applies to both Type 1 and Type 2 assessments within a SOC standard, but for SOC 2, some controls may not apply depending on your ... 1. Choose Your SOC 2 Type. The first step on your SOC 2 compliance journey is selecting the type of SOC 2 audit your business needs. SOC 2 audit reports come in two flavors: Type 1: With SOC 2 Type 1, your auditor will review policies, procedures, and control evidence at a specific time to determine if … small bottle of hennessy Our SOC reports assess three unique cloud environments: Azure, Azure Government, and Azure Germany. Microsoft has issued a SOC 1 Type 2 report according to the latest AICPA SSAE 18 standard, as well as a SOC 2 Type 2 report relevant to the security, availability, confidentiality and processing integrity …Credit report pulls are a common part of most of our financial lives. A company may want to run one when you’re about to get a new loan or you’re asking for an increase to your cre...SOC 2 Type 1 is different from Type 2 in that a Type 1 assesses the design of security processes at a specific point in time, while a Type 2 report (also commonly written as “Type ii”) assesses how effective those controls are over time by observing operations for six months. If that weren't confusing enough, SOC 2 is different than SOC … betway nj 1. SOC 2 Type 1 vs SOC 2 Type 2: You’ll need to be aware of the differences between a SOC 2 Type 1 and a SOC 2 Type 2, which is relatively straightforward. A Type 1 audit is an assessment performed for a specific date, such as June 30, 20xx, while a Type 2 audit is an assessment performed over an agreed upon test period – generally six (6 ...NEWTON, Mass. and PETACH TIKVA, Israel – February 11, 2020 – CyberArk (NASDAQ: CYBR), the global leader in privileged access management, today announced completion of its Service Organization Control (SOC 2) examination, earning SOC 2 Type 2 compliance. Delivering the industry’s most …The Azure SOC 2 Type 2 attestation report covers Azure, Dynamics 365, Power Platform, and select Microsoft 365 cloud services. You can access Azure SOC …When it comes to purchasing a used car, one of the most important things you need to know is its history. A vehicle’s history can tell you a lot about its condition, maintenance re...A SOC 2 Type 1 report measures policies and procedures at a point in time, while a Type 2 report checks if these policies and practices are followed by providing evidence over a period of 6 months. Type 1 provides limited assurance as it does not evaluate the effectiveness of controls in practice. On the other hand, … american saving What is SOC 2 Type 2? SOC 2 reporting and documentation. 1. . What is a SOC report? 2. . What is SOC 2 Type 1? 3. . What is SOC 2 Type 2? SOC 2 Type 1 vs. SOC 2 Type 2. …In 2019, we received our SOC 2 Type I report. This report described the systems we use to process data and the suitability of those internal controls. This year, we’ve received our Type II report. The SOC 2 Type II report looks at how effectively our internal controls and processes operate over a longer period of …Microsoft defines phishing as a "type of online identity theft" that uses fake emails to steal confidential account information. For example, you may receive a message in your Yaho... The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with new reports issued to ... A SOC 2 report can play an important role in oversight of the organization, vendor management programs, internal corporate governance and risk management processes and regulatory oversight. SOC 2 builds upon the required common criteria (security) to address one or more of the AICPA trust services principles, including: availability ... Zoom’s SOC 2 Report. Zoom’s SOC 2 Type 2 report covering the period of October 16, 2022 to October 15, 2023 provides an independent attestation on the suitability of design and operating effectiveness of the controls relevant to the security, availability, confidentiality, and privacy trust services criterias covering the Zoom UCaaS ... These reports provide an in-depth evaluation of how your organization manages data and safeguards customer information. There are two primary types of SOC 2 reports: Type 1 and Type 2. SOC 2 Type 1 vs Type 2. SOC 2 Type 1 report is an evaluation of the design and implementation of your organization’s controls at a specific …Now that we've covered the basics of SOC 1 and SOC 2 audits let's explore the two types of SOC reports – Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 and Type 2: Type 1: A Type 1 report evaluates an organization's control design at a specific point in time. Auditors examine the controls in place and determine if they are aptly designed to achieve their ...Mar 11, 2024 · What is SOC 2. Developed by the American Institute of CPAs ( AICPA ), SOC 2 defines criteria for managing customer data based on five “trust service principles”—security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality and privacy. Unlike PCI DSS, which has very rigid requirements, SOC 2 reports are unique to each organization. A SOC 2 report is an attestation made by an independent CPA that verifies your organization meets the rigorous security standards laid out in the SOC 2 framework. This framework is built on five Trust Services Criteria (formerly called the Trust Services Principles): Security: Protecting information from vulnerabilities … SOC 2 Report Structure. The main goal of SOC 2 reporting is to discuss whether a particular system meets the audit criteria. A SOC 2 report must provide detailed information about the audit itself, the system, and the perspectives of management. SOC 2 reports include: Report from the auditor. Management assertion. System description. A SOC 2 Type 1 report measures policies and procedures at a point in time, while a Type 2 report checks if these policies and practices are followed by providing evidence over a period of 6 months. Type 1 provides limited assurance as it does not evaluate the effectiveness of controls in practice. On the other hand, …SOC 1 Type 2 Report: This is an independent audit report performed according to the SSAE No. 18 Attestation Standards AT-C section in 320 entitled,Reporting on an Examination of Controls at a Service Organization Relevant to User Entities’ Internal Control Over Financial Reporting about the internal controls to achieve the control objectives ...The 2018 Description Criteria for a Description of a Service Organization’s System in a SOC 2® Report includes revised implementation guidance (2022) ... (ASEC), through its Trust Information Integrity Task Force’s SOC 2 Working Group, has developed a set of benchmarks, known as description criteria. ...Feb 7, 2022 · To fully understand how a SOC 2 Type 2 (sometimes erroneously called “ SSAE 18 SOC 2 Type II”) report works, one must first understand the less elaborate SOC 2 Type 1 report first. The SSAE 18 SOC 2 Type 1 report is meant to represent the design of an organization’s security controls at a specific point in time—think of a snapshot. my disney vacationworm eating apple game Apr 5, 2023 · For instructions on how to access audit reports and certificates, see Audit documentation. To download the Azure CSA STAR Attestation, see the CSA STAR registry for Microsoft. For Azure CCM control coverage, you can access the Azure SOC 2 Type 2 attestation report from the Service Trust Portal (STP) SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions myhealth va Oct 17, 2023 · Next, you’ll need to choose between a SOC 2 Type 1 report and Type 2 report. Choose based on your budget and the urgency of producing the certificate. Many organizations choose to start with a Type 1 audit and then use that report to undergo Type 2. Step 2: Conduct a readiness assessment. Next, conduct a readiness assessment. There are two types of SOC 2 reports: Type I ; Type 2; The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the effectiveness of those processes and procedures over time, usually a six- to twelve-month period. …Presented below is an illustrative management’s assertion and service auditor’s report for a type 2 SOC 2 examination that may be used when the SOC 2 examination uses the 2015 description criteria in DC 200A and the 2016 trust services criteria in TSC 100A. The illustrative service auditor’s report meets the reporting requirements of AT-C ...SOC 2 Type II compliance is a framework for service organizations that demonstrates proper controls for data security criteria. In today’s service-driven landscape, an organization’s data rarely exists only in its own IT environment. That data is often trusted with many vendors and service providers.For a SOC 2 Type 2, the objective of testing is to determine the operating effectiveness of the controls you specified in section 3 throughout your examination period. Testing provides reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the specified controls were achieved throughout the examination period. ... The SOC 2 report example omits section ...The Dali container ship crashed into the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore on Tuesday. Jim Watson/AFP/Getty Images. The ship that crashed into the Francis Scott …information in a variety of formats. The format of the illustrative type 2 SOC 2 report presented in this document is meant to be illustrative rather than prescriptive. The illustrative report contains all of the components of a type 2 SOC 2 report; however, for brevity, it does not include everything that might be described in a type 2 SOC …SOC 2® Type 1 and 2. SOC 2 Type 1: An audit that tests whether your controls are designed according to relevant trust services criteria at a single point in time. Since SOC 2 Type 1 audits and reports can be completed in a matter of weeks, they can help organizations that are short on time and resources to quickly prove to prospects that …Still, since each SOC 2 audit has a specially tailored scope defined by the TSCs used in the audit, the final SOC 2 report is intended to be private from others. (In contrast to a SOC 3 report, which is.) Benefits of SOC 2 Type 2 compliance. SOC audits highlight operational effectiveness and integrity. Key benefits include: 1. Trust and …Point of Time vs. Period of Time: The SOC 2 Type 1 report assesses the design of controls at a specific point in time, whereas the SOC 2 Type 2 report evaluates the effectiveness of these controls over typically six to twelve months.; Design of Controls vs. Operational Effectiveness: Type 1 focuses on the design of …The Intuit Online Payroll Services are subject to an annual audit of the control environment following SSAE18 guidance. That results in a SOC 2 Type II report. Distribution of the SOC2 Type II report is limited to external parties who have consented to abide by the SOC specific Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA). Intuit …There are two types of SOC 1 reporting options: • SOC 1 Type 1: A design of controls report. This option evaluates and reports on the design of controls put into operation as of a point in time. • SOC 1 Type 2: Includes the design and testing of controls to report on the operational salon iris loginuber for restaurants The 2018 Description Criteria for a Description of a Service Organization’s System in a SOC 2® Report includes revised implementation guidance (2022) ... (ASEC), through its Trust Information Integrity Task Force’s SOC 2 Working Group, has developed a set of benchmarks, known as description criteria. ...The Azure SOC 2 Type 2 audit is based on the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Trust Services Principles and Criteria, including security, availability, confidentiality, and processing integrity, and the criteria in CCM v4. STAR Attestation provides an auditor's findings on the design suitability and …You can think of SOC 2 Type 1 as a snapshot in time report. While valuable, SOC 2 Type 2 provides additional assurance of data security, because it requires an audit of how internal controls are working over time. Figma also secured a SOC 3 report, ...There are two main types of SOC 2 compliance: Type 1 and Type 2 . Type 1 attests an organization’s use of compliant systems and processes at a specific point in time. Conversely, Type 2 is an attestation of compliance over a period (usually 12 months). A Type 1 report describes the controls in use by an organization, and confirms …The SSAE 18 Audit Standard (Updates and Replaces SSAE-16) SSAE 18 is a series of enhancements aimed to increase the usefulness and quality of SOC reports, now, superseding SSAE 16, and, obviously the relic of audit reports, SAS 70. Read More ».Wondering what's the difference between a Type A and Type B personality? Here's how Type Bs navigate most situations and how to spot them. How different is a type B personality fro... 1 az credit union Aug 23, 2021 · Readers and users of SOC 2 reports often include the customer’s management, business partners, prospective customers, compliance regulators and external auditors. SOC type 1 vs type 2. Once a service organization determines which SOC report fits its reporting needs, it has two options on how to move forward: type 1 and type 2. Does Campaign Finance Reform Restrict Free Speech? Learn why some opponents say campaign finance reform can restrict free speech and what supporters say. Advertisement Where power ...A Grant Thornton SOC report provides you with an efficient way of responding to security audit requests and demonstrates your commitment to security and privacy for current and prospective customers. SOC reports can take the form of SOC 1 or 2, or alternatively a tailored attestation report: SOC 1. SOC 2. Tailored attestation report. Many potential customers are rejecting Type 1 SOC reports, and it's likely you'll need a Type 2 report at some point. By going straight for a Type 2, you can save time and money by doing a single audit. If you need a SOC 2 report ASAP, a Type 2 audit report that covers a shorter 3-month review period can be an ideal solution. on demand videowww.santander bank A SOC 2 report can play an important role in oversight of the organization, vendor management programs, internal corporate governance and risk management processes and regulatory oversight. SOC 2 builds upon the required common criteria (security) to address one or more of the AICPA trust services principles, including: availability ... Mar 11, 2024 · What is SOC 2. Developed by the American Institute of CPAs ( AICPA ), SOC 2 defines criteria for managing customer data based on five “trust service principles”—security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality and privacy. Unlike PCI DSS, which has very rigid requirements, SOC 2 reports are unique to each organization. vista 401k SOC 2 Type 2 Report. A SOC 2 Type 2 Report is an assessment of the operational effectiveness of your controls. The evaluation is done over a period of time to observe how effective those controls are in practice instead of just at one specific moment, as in a Type I Report. A SOC 2 Type 2 Report typically …1. Choose Your SOC 2 Type. The first step on your SOC 2 compliance journey is selecting the type of SOC 2 audit your business needs. SOC 2 audit reports come in two flavors: Type 1: With SOC 2 Type 1, your auditor will review policies, procedures, and control evidence at a specific time to determine if …Sample Clauses. SOC 2 Audits and Reports. Supplier will provide Southwest with a copy of each applicable audit report (a “SOC 2 Report”) resulting from a SOC 2 audit of the Supplier ’s control standards in use at the Supplier facility where the services under this Agreement are performed (each such audit is called a “SOC 2 …Mambu maintains Independent Service Auditor Reports SOC 1 (Type 1 and 2) and SOC 2 (Type 1 and 2) to provide assurance on the design, implementation, and operating effectiveness of the internal controls that are relevant to our customers’ financial statements (SOC 1) and internal controls that meet the AICPA Trust Services Security, Availability, … cme federal creditdestination 3 SOC 1 Type 2 Report: This is an independent audit report performed according to the SSAE No. 18 Attestation Standards AT-C section in 320 entitled,Reporting on an Examination of Controls at a Service Organization Relevant to User Entities’ Internal Control Over Financial Reporting about the internal controls to achieve the control objectives ...Nov 25, 2022 · Here’s a SOC 2 report example that showcases what each section includes: Source: AICPA’s Illustrative Type 2 SOC 2 Report with the Criteria in the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) Sections of SOC 2 Report. The SOC 2 report is an information mine about the audited entity. There are two main types of SOC 2 compliance: Type 1 and Type 2 . Type 1 attests an organization’s use of compliant systems and processes at a specific point in time. Conversely, Type 2 is an attestation of compliance over a period (usually 12 months). A Type 1 report describes the controls in use by an organization, and confirms …Whether you’re an amateur angler or a fishing fanatic, grabbing local fishing reports means staying on target regardless of the type of fish you’re hoping to hook. Take a look at t...The minimum span of time for a SOC 2 Type 2 report is typically a period of six months. SOC 2 reports are designed to provide an assessment of an organization’s controls and their effectiveness over a specified period. A SOC 2 Type 2 report (type ii report) evaluates the controls and their operation over a minimum of six consecutive …The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the …Now that we've covered the basics of SOC 1 and SOC 2 audits let's explore the two types of SOC reports – Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 and Type 2: Type 1: A Type 1 report evaluates an organization's control design at a specific point in time. Auditors examine the controls in place and determine if they are aptly designed to achieve their ...The Azure DevOps SOC 1 Type 2 attestation report is available separately from the Service Trust Portal SOC reports section. Frequently asked questions. How often are Azure SOC 1 reports issued? SOC reports for Azure, Dynamics 365, and other online services are based on a rolling 12-month run window (audit period) with …What is a SOC 2 Type 2 Report? A SOC 2 Type 2 Report is a Service Organization Control (SOC) audit on how a cloud-based service provider handles …When it comes to making informed decisions about the products and services you buy, it pays to do your research. Consumer Reports is one of the more trusted sources for unbiased pr...necessary to produce the Type 1 version of the report. Most clients begin their SOC 2 process by issuing a Type 1 report with Type 2 reports for the future periods starting with the as-of date of the Type 1. Type 2 reporting When issuing a Type 2 report, we perform tests of the controls covering a period of time (at least 6 months), general ... There are two types of SOC 2 reports: Type I ; Type 2; The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the effectiveness of those processes and procedures over time, usually a six- to twelve-month period. Benefits of SOC 2 Type 2 Certification ... The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the …There are two types of SOC 2 reports: a Type I report on management's description of the systems in place and the suitability of the design of controls and a ...A: We’re often asked “how often are SOC 2 reports required” and the best way to answer this is by giving you a little background on SOC 2 reporting. Generally speaking, service organizations will undergo an annual SOC 2 audit report, usually beginning with a SOC 2 Type 1 in the initial year, then followed up …Aug 16, 2023 · A SOC 2 is a System and Organization Control 2 report. There are three types of SOC reports. See the AICPA website comparing the reports. Some companies struggle with the differences between SOC 1 and 2 reports, and whether they should get a SOC 1, SOC 2, or SOC 3. We start by asking prospective clients about the type of clients and ... metro by t mobleaz one SOC 2 Type 2 compliance is a framework designed to assess and report on the security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy of data within service organizations. It focuses on evaluating not only the design but also the effectiveness of controls over an extended period. 5. caesars online casino new jersey Sep 26, 2023 · Similar to SOC 1, there are two types of SOC 2 reports: Type 2: A type 2 report evaluates the management’s description of a service organization’s system and the suitability of the design and operating effectiveness of controls over an extended period of time. Type 1: A type 1 report evaluates the management’s description of a service ... A SOC 2 Type 2 report outlines a company’s internal controls and details how well they safeguard customer data, specifically for cloud service providers. Specifically, it’s a third-party audit that shows if the security protocols are safe and effective. When a service provider passes a SOC Type 2 audit, it proves that their internal ... Reporting type: As mentioned above, SOC 2 offers both Type I and Type II reports. SOC 3 reports are always Type II reports. Level of detail: SOC 3 Type 2 reports do not include detailed descriptions of the auditor’s control tests, test procedures, or test results. They do contain the auditor’s opinion, management assertion, and system ... Apr 21, 2022 · A SOC 2, Type 2 report is considered the gold standard for SaaS companies. Move through this process, and you have strong proof that you protect client data. But other SOC reports do exist. SOC 1 reports detail financial information. If you handle anything involving money, and you can alter that data, an SOC 1 report could be useful. Losing a loved one is never easy, and it can be overwhelming to navigate the administrative tasks that come with it. One important task is reporting the death to Social Security. T...1. Choose Your SOC 2 Type. The first step on your SOC 2 compliance journey is selecting the type of SOC 2 audit your business needs. SOC 2 audit reports come in two flavors: Type 1: With SOC 2 Type 1, your auditor will review policies, procedures, and control evidence at a specific time to determine if …There are two types of SOC 1 reporting options: • SOC 1 Type 1: A design of controls report. This option evaluates and reports on the design of controls put into operation as of a point in time. • SOC 1 Type 2: Includes the design and testing of controls to report on the operationalSOC 2 Type II compliance is a framework for service organizations that demonstrates proper controls for data security criteria. In today’s service-driven landscape, an organization’s data rarely exists only in its own IT environment. That data is often trusted with many vendors and service providers.The SOC 2 Type 1 report focuses on the effectiveness of any processes or procedures at a fixed point in time. Whereas a SOC 2 Type 2 report verifies the …There are two types of narcolepsy, each with different symptoms and treatments. Learn about their similarities and differences here. There are two main types of narcolepsy. One inv...The Intuit Online Payroll Services are subject to an annual audit of the control environment following SSAE18 guidance. That results in a SOC 2 Type II report. Distribution of the SOC2 Type II report is limited to external parties who have consented to abide by the SOC specific Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA). Intuit … Reporting type: As mentioned above, SOC 2 offers both Type I and Type II reports. SOC 3 reports are always Type II reports. Level of detail: SOC 3 Type 2 reports do not include detailed descriptions of the auditor’s control tests, test procedures, or test results. They do contain the auditor’s opinion, management assertion, and system ... Mar 26, 2024, 22:00 ET. SINGAPORE, March 26, 2024 /CNW/ -- Further solidifying its position as a trusted leader in digital asset custody, ChainUp, a global … Reporting type: As mentioned above, SOC 2 offers both Type I and Type II reports. SOC 3 reports are always Type II reports. Level of detail: SOC 3 Type 2 reports do not include detailed descriptions of the auditor’s control tests, test procedures, or test results. They do contain the auditor’s opinion, management assertion, and system ... 1 What Is A Type 2 SOC 2 Report? 2 The Significance of SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance; 3 How Many Controls Are In SOC 2 Type 2? 4 Who Conducts A SOC 2 Type 2 Audit; 5 How To Prepare For SOC 2 Type 2 Audit? 5.1 Identify the Scope of the Audit; 5.2 Establish Your Internal Team; 5.3 Choose a Reputable Auditor; 5.4 Conduct a Gap Analysis; 5.5 …SOC 2. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Service Organization Controls (SOC) reports give assurance over control environments as they relate to the retrieval, storage, processing, and transfer of data. The reports cover IT General controls and controls around availability, confidentiality and …February 22, 2024. What you need to know about SOC 2 Type 2 reports and DeepL: A SOC 2 Type II report evaluates a company’s information systems regarding security, …Type 1 diabetes is a disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels. Explore symptoms, inheritance, genetics of this condition. Type 1 diabetes is a disorder characte...A SOC 2 Type 2 report is essential for both security and profitability. First, the type 2 assessment offers compelling evidence that an organization is implementing proper security controls and whether it protects sensitive customer data. This is because eyes and ears across the cloud are necessary to assess how secure your information will …Be prepared for both types of SOC 2 attestations. There are two types of SOC 2 attestations: Type 1 and Type 2. A Type 1 attestation provides a point-in-time snapshot of the effectiveness of an organization’s security controls, while a Type 2 report gauges the effectiveness of those same security controls …There are two types of SOC reports: Type I describes a vendor’s systems and whether their design is suitable to meet relevant trust principles. Type II details the operational effectiveness of those systems. …A SOC 2 report is an attestation by a certified public accountant (CPA) stating that your organization meets the official SOC 2 standards issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The report—typically requested by a prospective or existing customer—helps them confirm that your company’s …Nov 25, 2022 · Here’s a SOC 2 report example that showcases what each section includes: Source: AICPA’s Illustrative Type 2 SOC 2 Report with the Criteria in the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix (CCM) Sections of SOC 2 Report. The SOC 2 report is an information mine about the audited entity. via del governo vecchioaxis bank axis MongoDB System and Organization Controls (SOC) Reports are the result of independent third-party audits that examine how MongoDB achieves key compliance controls and objectives. The MongoDB SOC 2 Security Type II report will help you and your auditors understand the MongoDB controls established to support data security, availability ...Point of Time vs. Period of Time: The SOC 2 Type 1 report assesses the design of controls at a specific point in time, whereas the SOC 2 Type 2 report evaluates the effectiveness of these controls over typically six to twelve months.; Design of Controls vs. Operational Effectiveness: Type 1 focuses on the design of …Put simply, a SOC 2 Type 2 report is an internal controls report meant to capture how a company safeguards customer data, and assesses how well those controls are operating. The report provides an independent assessment of Vimeo’s security and privacy control environment. It includes a description of the …Customers needing an ISAE 3402 Report should request the AWS SOC 1 Type II Report by using AWS Artifact, a self-service portal for on-demand access to AWS compliance reports. ... The AWS SOC 3 report is a publicly available summary of the AWS SOC 2 report. The AWS SOC 3 report outlines how AWS meets the …A SOC 2 Type 1 Report offers a snapshot of your security practices at a given moment, affirming the design of your defenses. These reports are straightforward, with a short turnaround. A SOC Type 2 Report provides a longer-term look at how your security systems work over a given period. These reports …necessary to produce the Type 1 version of the report. Most clients begin their SOC 2 process by issuing a Type 1 report with Type 2 reports for the future periods starting with the as-of date of the Type 1. Type 2 reporting When issuing a Type 2 report, we perform tests of the controls covering a period of time (at least 6 months), general ... aulani resort location The scope of the Fall 2023 SOC 2 Type 2 report includes information about how we handle the content that you upload to AWS, and how we protect that content across the services and locations that are in scope for the latest AWS SOC reports. The Fall 2023 SOC reports include an additional 13 services in scope, …The SOC 1 vs. SOC 2 discussion is well under way, thanks in large part to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' ( AICPA) launch of their new service organization reporting platform, known as the SOC framework.Officially, SOC standards for "System and Organization Controls", which allows qualified practitioners (i.e., licensed and registered … A SOC 2 Type 2 report outlines a company’s internal controls and details how well they safeguard customer data, specifically for cloud service providers. Specifically, it’s a third-party audit that shows if the security protocols are safe and effective. When a service provider passes a SOC Type 2 audit, it proves that their internal ... jack and giant moviebrad's deal ---2